罗尔斯的政治哲学转向及其启示

Changing Direction of Rawls'Political Philosophy and Its Implication

从《正义论》到《政治自由主义》,罗尔斯基本立场的转变,体现了他对当代政治哲学的基本态度和主张。在罗尔斯看来,当代政治哲学应该抛弃形而上学的追问方式,即在多元主义条件下政治哲学应该回避、搁置形而上学而致力于一致性的共识。罗尔斯的政治哲学转向既是对普遍性和相对性的超越,也是对当代民主社会政治合法性的说明,更是对政治哲学本身的存在合理性的辩护。因此,罗尔斯的政治哲学转向必将开启一个政治哲学研究的当代视角。

The changes of Rawls＇ basic standpoint from Theory of Justice to Political Liberalism indicate his basic attitude and opinion in today＇ s political philosophy. On Rawls＇ opinion, today＇ s political philosophy should get rid of metaphysical inquiry mode, namely in the condition of pluralism, political philosophy is supposed to blench or lay aside metaphysics in order to reach a consensus. The changing direction of Rawls＇ political philosophy is not only the exceeding of universality and relativity, but also the illuminating of political legitimacy of today＇ s democratic society, furthermore it is the vindicating of political philosophy rationality of its own. Consequently, the changing direction of Rawls‘ political philosophy must be a today＇ s visual angle of the research of political philosophy.