大型亚临界无烟煤电站锅炉的开发设计

The Design and Development of a Large sized Anthracite fired Subcritical pressure Utility Boiler with a Tangential firing System

本文介绍哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司开发设计的300MW亚临界自然循环无烟煤锅炉的技术特点和运行业绩。着重论述为保证低挥发份煤种的着火、稳燃、燃尽和防止炉膛结焦、降低不投油稳燃负荷、减少NOx排放量所采取的有效技术措施。特别是在燃烧器设计中,采用了哈锅与清华大学联合开发研制的,并获得国家创造发明专利金奖的“双一次风通道自稳式燃烧器”,该燃烧器具有明显的低负荷稳燃特性和优良的综合性能,使大型无烟煤锅炉的设计达到了一个新水平。与国外燃用无烟煤常用的“W”型火焰锅炉相比,该型锅炉具有钢材耗量少、NOx排放量低等优点。该型锅炉的研制成功,为燃用我国储量丰富的低挥发份煤开辟了一条新路。

The present paper describes the technical features and operational achievements of a 300 MW subcritical pressure, natural circulation and anthracite fired boiler developed and designed by Harbin Boiler Co. Ltd (HBC). It focuses on some effective technical measures taken to ensure a good ignition, stable combustion and thorough burn off, a stable combustion without relying on oil support even at low loads and complete combustion of low volatile coal as well as a slag free operation and a reduction in NOx emissions. With respect to the burner design a 'self stabilizing combustion technology incorporating double primary air channel' developed jointly by HBC and Qinghua University has been adopted. This item of technology was awarded a China National Golden Prize for outstanding creative and inventive patents. The marked flame stability at low loads and excellent overall performance provided by the above cited technology have advanced the design of high capacity anthracite fired boilers to a new level. Such boilers with a tangential firing system enjoy the advantages of low steel consumption, low NOx emission, etc. Their successful development has blazed a new trail for the utilization of low volatile coals, an abundant resource in China.