离岸堤在海岸防护中的应用探讨

Application and discussion of detached breakwater in coastal protection

由于海岸侵蚀问题日益严重,海岸防护已成为海岸工程研究的重要内容.通过对目前常用的几种海岸防护形式的综述,提出离岸堤是一种有效且应用广泛的护岸结构物.根据国内外的研究成果,从水动力过程、泥沙运动机制以及岸滩响应等方面,阐述了出水离岸堤的防护机理,并总结归纳了堤后岸滩响应的预报经验公式和稳定岸线形态模型.最后,回顾了近年来离岸潜堤在海岸防护中的研究概况,对其防护机理进行了初步分析,并在此基础上就离岸潜堤防护的进一步研究提出了建议.

Coastal protection has become an important aspect of coastal engineering since coastal erosion is getting more and more serious.By reviewing some commonly used coastal protection methods,it is proposed that detached breakwater is an effective and widely applied approach.According to the research results at home and abroad,the protective mechanisms of emerged offshore breakwater are described in hydrodynamic processes,sediment transports and beach response.The empirical prediction formulas of beach response and the stable shoreline morphology models are summarized in the following part.Finally,the present studies of detached submerged breakwater are reviewed,and the protective mechanisms of submerged breakwater are preliminarily analyzed.Based on these analyses,some suggestions are given for the further researches of submerged breakwater in coastal protection.