防范住院患者跌倒的管理策略研究及其实效观察

Management Strategy to Prevent Inpatients′ Falls and Its Practical Results

目的通过实施防范住院患者跌倒的管理策略,探讨其预防住院患者跌倒的实效。方法建立住院患者跌倒风险评估表、预防措施表、跌倒事件分析表、防跌倒宣教单和预防跌倒流程,同时注重其专科化,对临床护理单元的患者予以应用,使预防跌倒更具有针对性,提高跌倒实效。结果经过一年半的资料收集和实效观察,对实施跌倒管理策略前后的跌倒人数、跌倒率等情况进行比较,发生跌倒人数由24例降低到9例,跌倒率由1.94‰下降至0.63‰,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);严重损伤率由20.8%下降到11.1%。结论运用评估、干预、评价的科学管理策略能提高预防住院患者跌倒的实效。在今后的临床实践中,仍要从完善评估、干预、评价的整体体系来不断提高预防跌倒的水平。

Objective Through the implementation of management strategies to prevent falls for hospitalized patients,so as to improve the effectiveness in prevention of inpatients′ falls. Methods The inpatient′ falls risk assessment form,preventive measures table,fall event analysis table,education on and process of fall prevention were set up,at the same time focus was put on its specialization,and applying them to the patients of the clinical care unit,as to make fall prevention more effective. Results Through one and a half year′s data collection and practical observation,comparison of the fall numbers and fall rates before and after the implementation of management strategies showed that he number of falls was reduced from 24 to 9,falling rate from 1.94‰ to 0.63‰（P0.05）;and serious injury rate from 20.8% to 11.1%. Conclusion The application of scientific management strategies on assessment,intervention,and evaluation can improve the effectiveness of fall prevention for inpatients.It is still necessary in subsequent clinical practice to constantly improve the overall system of the assessment,intervention,and evaluation for raising the level of preventing falls.