海洋重力测量误差补偿技术

Compensation of ocean gravity measurement errors

海洋重力场信息在勘探矿源和导航定位等方面都具有重要意义。进行海洋重力实时测量时,重力仪会受到各种外界扰动力的影响,再加上重力敏感器本身稳定性和惯性平台系统性能影响,重力敏感器的输出需要进行一系列数据处理和补偿后才能得到当地重力异常值。研究了重力敏感器安装角误差标定、零位漂移估计和格值修正等重力数据预处理方法。分析了海洋重力测量数据处理流程,主要包括零点漂移补偿、水平加速度误差补偿、厄特弗斯效应修正、高度修正和噪声滤波处理等。对每个数据处理过程都提出了具体补偿算法,并分析了补偿后的重力测量误差。将以上重力数据处理方法应用到实际重力测量,结果表明重力仪能够准确测量出当地重力值,其精度为1 mGal。

In real-time measurement on ocean gravity,the gravimeter may be affected by external disturbing forces, and the gravity sensor＇s stabilization and inertia system＇s performance may also exert influences on it.So the gravity sensor output need to make a series of data processes and compensation so as to obtain the local gravity abnormity value.In the data preprocess part,the gravity sensor＇s mounting angle error scaling method,the estimation of zero drift,and the determination of gravimeter scale value are studied.The gravity data processing mainly includes：zero drift processing,horizontal acceleration error compensating,Etvs Effect correction, altitude correction and noise filter.Specific compensating operation approaches are described for every process step,and the gravity error is analyzed after the compensation.The gravity measurement experiment confirms that the above data processing method can effectively obtain the local gravity value,and the precision of gravimeter is superior to 1 mGal.