徐州市居民罹患高血压的脆弱性比较研究

Hypertensive vulnerability of residents living in Xuzhou City

目的探讨徐州市居民罹患高血压的脆弱性，以制定有效的干预策略。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，共抽取15至69岁居民4980名，进行统一的问卷调查，根据调查内容对不同人群分组分析，用卡方检验进行脆弱性比较评价。结果15至69岁调查人群高血压患病率为13．62％；应对高血压脆弱性方面，不知道人群正常血压值者占45．26％，认为35岁以上没必要每年测血压者占29．68％，小知道每人每灭摄入食盐克数者占57．23％，不知道如何预防高血压者占21．53％，不知道如何控制高血压者占12．05％，女性、农林牧渔劳动者和在校学生、低文化程度、家庭每月人均收入低者应对高血压脆弱性较高，高血压病患者应对高血压的脆弱性小于末患高血压病者；行为脆弱性方面，目前吸烟率为16．45％，过去12个月内饮酒率为11．10％，饮食偏咸率为30．00％，从未测血压率32．05％，随着文化程度提高、家庭人均收入增加、年龄的增长，从未测血压者所占比例越小，饮酒率逐渐增加，不同文化程度饮食偏咸情况差异有统计学意义（Х^2=23．37，P〈0．05），年龄组大者目前吸烟者所占比例较大，患病与未患病行为脆弱性差异无统计学意义。结论徐州市居民罹患高血压的脆弱性较大，不同人群之间高血压的脆弱性不同，应针对小同人群加强高血压防治知识的普及，引导人们选择正确牛活方式，进一步完善徐州高血压的综合防治工作。

Objective To explore the hypertensive vulnerability of residents living in Xuzhou City to provide evidence for effective intervention. Methods Based on multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method,a total of 4980 residents aged 15 to 69 years from 9 counties of Xuzhou City were selected and completed a standard questionnaire. Hypertensive vulnerability was compared by using Chi-square test. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 13.62% among 15 to 69 years old participants. The residents who had no idea of normal level of blood pressure accounted for 45.26%. The residents who thought it was unnecessary to measure blood pressure every year since 35 year-old accounted for 29. 68%. Those who did not know individual＇s salt intake per day accounted for 57.23%. The participants who had no information on hypertension prevention or control accounted for 21.53% and 12. 05%, respectively. The higher hypertensive vulnerability was associated with lower educational level or monthly income per capita; higher hypertensive vulnerability of patients is less than normal crowed. The rates of current smoking, alcohol consumption,salt over-intake and non-blood pressure measurement were 16. 45% , 11.10% , 30. 00% , and 32. 05% respectively. The higher educational level, higher monthly income per capita or older age crowd, the lower rate of non-blood pressure measurement, the higher rate of alcohol consumption; salt over-intake was different in different education levels （ Х^2 = 23.37, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the older age group were in a higher proportion of current smokers;the behavior vulnerabilities were no difference between the patients and normal crowds. Conclusion Hypertensive vulnerability of residents living in Xuzhou City is high. Hypertension education and healthy living style should be improved to effectively prevent the development of hypertension.