市场失灵视域下公共休闲产品可持续消费约束机制分析

Constraint Mechanism of Sustainable Public Leisure Products Consumption Under Market Failure

休闲权是人类的基本权力之一。随着人们收入的提高和闲暇时间的增加,对公共休闲消费产品的需求越来越大。在公共休闲产品消费过程中,必须遵循可持续消费原则,做到适度消费、公平消费、节约消费。但是,市场失灵导致公共休闲场所和休闲设施供给不足,无法充分满足人民群众日益增长的休闲需要;市场失灵使企业和个人在公共休闲资源消费中存在着过度开发、过度消费现象,造成"公地悲剧";市场失灵使不同消费群体之间在公共休闲服务和休闲资源的消费方面存在着大量非公平现象。弥补市场失灵,解决问题的对策在于加强制度建设,包括完善政府在公共休闲产品供给方面的职能、建立公共休闲资源产权转让监督制度;完善公共休闲资源配置中的公共选择机制,建立公众参与和表达制度等。

Leisure is one of the basic rights.As people＇s income and spare time increase,the demand to public leisure products also increases.In the consumption of public leisure products,principles of sustainable,flexible,fair,saving should be followed.However,market failure leads to the insufficient of leisure infrastructure which cannot meet the needs of people.Overdevelopment and overconsumption leads to ＂public tragedy＂,and market failure causes a lot of unfairness in the leisure products consumption.To fix the problems,the mechanism should be optimized,including government management,control system,select system and participation system.