牛粪发酵过程中的红外光谱分析

Infrared Spectral Analysis during Fermentation of Cattle Manure

[目的]对牛粪在堆肥发酵过程中的物质转化机制进行探讨。[方法]通过红外吸收光谱法分别对室温、30℃、50℃好氧和厌氧发酵条件下的牛粪进行红外光谱分析。[结果]表明:①好氧条件下有利于牛粪中有机物的分解,随着堆肥的进行,蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪族化合物均在减少,芳构化程度增强。30℃与50℃好氧发酵与室温好氧发酵峰的变化趋势基本一样;②在室温厌氧条件下木质素不能得到有效分解,芳构化程度和腐熟化程度低于好氧条件,而50℃高温厌氧发酵后期木质素得到一定程度的降解。[结论]在发酵进行40 d后,好氧发酵条件下牛粪的腐熟程度较高。

【Objective】 To make a study on the substance transformation mechanism with infrared spectral analysis during fermentation of cattle manure.【Method】 Infrared spectral analysis is used to research the cattle manure under the aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation conditions respectively at room temperature,30℃ and 50℃.【Result】 The results indicated that： ① The aerobic condition facilitated the decomposition of organic matter in cattle manure.With the development of compost,proteins,carbohydrates and aliphatic compounds decreased,while aromatization increased.Aerobic fermentations at 30 ℃ and 50 ℃ both showed the same trend as the peak of aerobic fermentation at room temperature.② Lignin failed to be decomposed effectively under anaerobic conditions at room temperature,and both aromatization and decomposition degrees are lower than that under aerobic conditions.At 50 ℃,however,lignin was degraded to some extent in late phase of anaerobic fermentation;【Conclusion】 Cattle manure become fairly decomposed under aerobic condition when the fermentation last 40 d or more.