第11届全运会男子标枪运动员最后用力技术的三维运动学研究

Research on three-dimensional kinematics of final movement techniques in the 11^(th) national games male javelin athlete

运用现场拍摄与图像解析的方法,对第11届全运会田径比赛男子标枪决赛前8名运动员的技术动作进行解析研究。结果表明,男子标枪运动员在投掷步阶段下肢动作有3种不同的时间变化节奏模式;在标枪出手瞬间身体各环节(髋关节、肩关节、肘关节以及标枪出手的速度)变化基本相同;标枪出手瞬间所获得水平速度与垂直速度存在不同程度的差异;标枪的出手角度、初始攻角和初始偏航角度比理想值普遍偏大;在最后出手阶段,制动腿膝关节都在逐渐伸展,在出手瞬间的制动腿膝关节伸展角度大于最后用力阶段中的膝关节最大角度;在T1—T2阶段的肩轴与髋轴变化情况各不相同。同时,加速距离主要取决于试图达到最佳投掷效果的许多动作。

Using the scene photography and image analytical methods used for the 11th session of the national athletics man javelins before the final eight players＇ technique movements of analytical study.The results showed that men in throwing javelin athletes step phase limb movements of 3 kinds of different time change rhythm pattern,In javelin shots each link（instantaneous body shoulder,hip,elbow and javelins shots speed） change basic same,Javelin shots obtained by horizontal speed and instant vertical speed there exists different degree of difference,Javelin shots Angle,the initial attack Angle and initial yaw Angle than ideal value slant generally;In the final stage,brake leg knee shots are gradually extend,in the braking leg knee shots instant stretch the final stage of shot-putting Angle than the knee maximum Angle,On T1-T2 stage shoulder axis and hip shaft move differently.Meanwhile,accelerate distance try to achieve the best mainly depends on the effect of many actions.Throwing