换头方式对温室番茄早熟性和商品品质的影响

Effect of Changing Head Methods on Early Maturity and Commodity Quality of Firm-Fleshed Tomato in Solar-Greenhouse

以硬果型番茄‘Harvest’为试材,采用基部换头和顶部换头的方法,对其换头后早熟性和商品品质进行研究。结果表明：基部换头的番茄商品质量略优于顶部换头方式,而顶部换头方式可提早坐果、提早成熟10~15 d。与基部换头的相比,顶部换头方式的椭圆型异常果综合指数较低,但是偏大偏小型和混发型异常果综合指数较高。根系水肥吸收后向地上部的输送效率没有因运输距离加长而受到明显限制。另外,顶部换头有利于提早坐果、提早成熟,可能与顶部侧芽受光情况优于冠层底部的侧芽有关。

With firm-fleshed tomato as materials,this paper studied on the early maturity and commodity quality after it changing head with two methods which were basal change head and top change head.The results showed that the tomato commodity quality with basal changing head was better than that with top changing head,but later method could make fruit setting and fruit mature 10~15 days in advance.The comprehensive index of elliptic abnormal fruit with top changing head was lower than that with basal changing head method,while the comprehensive index of bigger or smaller fruit and mixed abnormal fruit was higher relatively.The research showed that although distance lengthen,the efficiency of root absorbing water and fertilizer,and then transporting to the ground part were not obvious restricted.In additon,top change head was conducive to early fruit and early maturity may attribute to the top axillary bud can absorb more light than the basal axillary bud.