粉垄整地与传统整地方式种植玉米和花生效果比较

Comparison of the Cultivation of Maize and Peanuts by Smash-riding and Traditional Land Preparation Methods

[目的]研究粉垄整地与传统整地种植作物生长及产量的差异性。[方法]采用专用型机械将土壤垂直旋磨粉碎并自然悬浮成垄的粉垄整地与拖拉机整地、畜力整地和人力整地3种方式比较,以玉米、花生为供试作物品种,各个处理全期均不施肥。测定玉米、花生前期的根系长度和数量,后期功能叶片的光合特性及产量。[结果]与拖拉机整地、畜力整地和人力整地相比,粉垄整地种植的玉米、花生前期的根系长度增加18%以上,数量增加15%以上,后期功能叶片的净光合速率提高10%以上,产量增加8%以上。[结论]粉垄整地方式种植的作物比传统整地的根系发达,光合效率提高,产量增加。

[Objective] The aim was to study the difference of the growth and yield of the crops cultivated by smash-ridging and traditional land preparation methods.[Method] Smash-ridging was formed through the vertical rotary grinding of soil and the natural suspension ridging by using special machine,and then the smash-ridging was compared with the land preparation by tractor,animal power and manpower,with the maize and peanuts as the tested varieties,without fertilizing during their whole growth period,their root length and quantity during the early stage,and the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of their functional leaves during the later stage were determined.[Result] Compared with that cultivated by the land preparation by tractor,animal power and manpower,the maize and peanuts cultivated by smash-ridging increased over 18% of their root length and 15% of their root quantity,the photosynthetic characteristics of their functional leaves during the later period improved more than 10%,and their yield increased over 8%.[Conclusion] The crops cultivated by smash-ridging had stronger roots than that by traditional land preparation methods,their photosynthetic efficiency improved,and yield increased.