氨基酸粉·发酵棉粕和发酵菜粕在异育银鲫饲料中的应用效果

Application Effects of Amino Acid Powder,Fermented Rapeseed Meal and Fermented Cottonseed Meal in Feeds for Allogynogenetic Crucian Carp

[目的]研究氨基酸粉、发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕对异育银鲫生长性能、氨基酸吸收、体成分及肝功能的影响。[方法]分别用氨基酸粉、发酵菜粕和发酵棉粕等量替代鱼粉、棉粕和菜粕的基础饲料饲喂平均初重为17.3 g的异育银鲫80 d。分别测定各组异育银鲫的增长率和特定生长率;血清及饲料中氨基酸含量;肌肉和肝脏体成分指标;以及肝脏和血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性。[结果]与对照组相比,3%氨基酸粉组和6%发酵棉粕组的增长率和特定生长率明显提高(P<0.05),其他各组与对照组无显著差异。3%氨基酸粉组和6%发酵棉粕组血清赖氨酸的浓度高于对照组,且4种必需氨基酸的吸收在投饲后2 h达到峰值,与对照组一致。各试验组异育银鲫体成分和肝功能指标与对照组无显著差异。[结论]在异育银鲫饲料中用3%氨基酸粉、6%发酵棉粕和6%发酵菜粕分别等量替代鱼粉、棉粕和菜粕,能显著提高异育银鲫的生长性能以及对氨基酸的吸收效果。

[Objective] To investigate the effects of amino acid powder,fermented rapeseed meal and fermented cottonseed meal on the growth performance,amino acid absorption,body composition and liver function of allogynogentic crucian carp.[Method] The allogynogentic crucian carps with the average initial weight of 17.3 g were divided into control group and six experimental groups randomly.The allogynogentic crucian carps in the control group and experimental groups were fed a basal diet and the different basal diets supplemented by amino acid powder,fermented rapeseed meal and fermented cottonseed meal.The growth rate and specific growth rate of allogynogentic crucian carps,the content of amino acids in serum and feeds,the body composition indicators of muscle and liver,as well as the activities of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase（GPT） and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase（GOT） in liver and serum were determined,respectively.[Result]The growth rate and specific growth rate of allogynogentic crucian carps in the 3% amino acid powder group and the 6% fermented cottonseed meal group were improved greatly（P0.05）,and no significant difference was found between other experimental group and control group.The serum lysine content of the 3% amino acid powder group and the 6% fermented cottonseed meal group was higher than that of the control group.In the experimental groups,the absorption of four essential amino acids was up to a peak at 4 h after feeding,which was consistent with the control group.The body composition and liver function of allogynogentic crucian carps had no significant difference between the experimental groups and the control group.[Conclusion]The 3% amino acid powder,6% fermented cottonseed meal and 6% fermented rapeseed meal can substitute fish meal,cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal to improve the growth performance,amino acid absorption of the allogynogentic crucian carps.