人类学与科学史研究立场的异同——关于“主位”-“客位”与“辉格”-“反辉格”的比较研究

Similarities and Differences in the Studies of the History of Science and in Anthropology:A Comparative Study of Emic,Etic,Whig and Anti-Whig

"主位"与"客位"概念是人类学研究中非常重要的一对范畴,"辉格"与"反辉格"则是研究科技史的两种不同的倾向。这两对范畴,虽然分属于两个不同的学科领域,有很多相异之处,但在更深层的意义上,二者也存在着许多共性。对两对概念的比较研究能使我们对它们的理解更深入的同时也会产生一些富有启发性的观点,这也是有意义的科学编史学研究。

The concepts of emic and etic are two very important categories in anthropological studies.Whig and anti-Whig are two different approaches in the studies of the history of science.These two couples of categories,which belong to two different disciplines,have many differences,but,at a deeper level,they have some similarities too.The relevant comparative study could help us have a better understanding of them and get enlightened,which also has much significance to the studies of the history of science.