基于“歧视经济学”的农村劳动力转移对城乡收入的影响

Research on the Impact of Rural Labour Forces Transfer on the Urban-rural Income Based on the Economics of Discrimination

以"歧视经济学"的分析框架为基础,建立了一个农村劳动力向城市转移的模型,研究农村劳动力转移对城乡收入的影响。结果表明,农村劳动力向城市的转移能够提高城乡收入并在一定程度上缩小城乡收入差距,但由于我国城市资本存量远大于农村资本存量,农村劳动力转移并不能完全消除城乡收入差距。要提高我国农村的收入水平,缩小城乡收入的差距,政府必须双管齐下:一方面大力推动农村劳动力向城市的转移,改变目前城乡二元劳动力市场结构的状况;另一方面,加大对农村地区的投入,促进农村资本存量的增长,以便在劳动力转移的过程中进一步提高农村居民收入。

On the basis of the analytical frame of discrimination,the thesis establishes a model of transfer of rural labour forces into city,and researches the impact of rural labour forces transfer on urban-rural income.The results show that the transfer of rural labour forces into city can increase urban-rural income and bridge the income gap between city and village to a certain extent.However,the capital stock of city in China is greatly more than that of the village,so the rural labour forces transfer cannot eliminate the urban-rural income gap completely.In order to elevate the rural income level in China and narrow urban-rural income gap,the government should paint a picture with two brushes at the same time： on one hand,the government should promote the transfer of rural labour forces into city,and change the status quo of dual urban-rural labour forces market structure;on the other hand,the government should increase the input in rural areas and promote the increase of rural capital stock so as to further increase rural residents＇ income in the process of labour forces transfer.