除臭菌株对NH_3和H_2S释放及物质转化的影响

Effect of Deodorization Microorganisms on Release of NH_3 and H_2S and Matter Transformation

将通过高温和氨水逐级驯化筛选的除臭菌株用于牛粪堆肥,研究其对NH3和H2S释放量及物质转化的影响。其中菌株B1与A1除臭效果最好,NH3总释放量较对照分别降低68.59%和61.00%,NH4+-N仅增加4.47%和7.19%,NO3-N略有提高,而有机氮分别增加28.99%和27.42%,说明除臭菌株能将无机态氮转化为有机氮,使全氮含量提高19.81%和18.80%,有效地减少了氮素损失;H2S总释放量较对照分别降低89.69%和86.88%,硫酸盐增加40.77%和36.49%,说明菌株可有效促进H2S向硫酸盐转化,减少H2S挥发,使全硫含量提高29.05%和22.64%。相关分析显示NH3释放量与H2S释放量、pH呈极显著正相关,与全氮、有机氮和硫酸盐呈负相关;H2S释放量与pH呈显著正相关,而与全硫和硫酸盐呈负相关。添加与未添加除臭菌株的NH3和H2S释放量经方差分析差异达到显著水平,表明添加除臭菌株可有效地控制牛粪堆肥NH3和H2S释放,保留氮素和硫素养分。

In this study,the deodorization strains for cow mattle compost were selected by hyperthermia and ammonia sequential domestication,these strains＇s effect on release amount of NH3 and H2S and matter transformation were investigated.Deodorization strains B1 and A1 showed the best effect on deodorization,the total release amount of NH3 decreased by 68.59% and 61.00% compared to control,NH＋4-N just increased by 4.47% and 7.19%,NO3-N increased slightly,organic nitrogen increased by 28.99% and 27.42%,and total nitrogen increased by 19.81% and 18.80% respectively,the result indicated that deodorization strains can not only stimulate nitrogen transformation,from inorganic nitrogen into organic nitrogen,but also reduce nitrogen loss effectively;Total release amount of H2S decreased by 89.69% and 86.88% compared to control,sulfate increased by 40.77%,36.49% and total sulphur content increased by 40.77%,36.49% respectively,the experimental result showed that deodorization strains promoted transformation of sulfate and reduced sulphur loss.The correlation analysis showed that release amount of NH3 had a extremely significant positive correlation with release amount of H2S and pH and a negative correlation with total nitrogen,organic nitrogen and sulfate.Release amount of H2S had a significant positive correlation with pH and a negative correlation wih total sulphur and sulfate.The analysis of variance showed that release amount of NH3 and H2S for treatment and control had a significant difference,the results displayed that deodorization strains can control release of NH3 and H2S on cow mattle compost effectively,and keeping nitrogen and sulphur.