论二语听力理解困难者的认知

A Cognitive Psychological Analysis on Listening Difficulties of Second Language Learners

为了促进二语听力教学,从二语听力学习者出发,对二语学习者听力困难的原因进行了分析,发现他们分辨语音的能力低,构建语义的能力都不强。要提高学习者的听力理解能力,听力教学必须根据学习者的认知心理特点,在课堂上创造条件鼓励学习者抓大意、主要内容和关键词等;扩展词汇;启发学生对词、内容和背景知识进行联想,在大脑里构成意义网络,内化语言知识,形成语言习得能力。同时,设计听力各个环节。

In order to facilitate listening teaching,the cause of difficulties is analyzed from the perspective of second language learners.They are not good at recognizing pronunciation and constructing meaning of English.According to cognitive psychology,teachers should encourage students to grasp the general idea,main idea and key words as well,enlarge the vocabulary,lead the students to associate words and contents with background information so that they can construct a meaningful net,internalize the linguistic knowledge and develop the linguistic acquiring abilities.At the same time,teachers should design every listening step,provide background knowledge and key words,and encourage the learners to adopt strategies such as predicting,associating and inferring so that they can transform short-term memory into long-term memory.In addition,second language listening comprehension ability can be improved by increasing input,doing more practice,deepening the memory and promoting information processing as well.