摘要
临床上常用的一些非抗心律失常药物如抗菌素和抗组胺类药物也可导致QT间期延长甚至尖端扭转型室性心动过速。主要机理与抑制心肌细胞快速激活延迟整流钾电流相关。正常情况下发生概率极低,但当存在各种危险因素时发生率明显增高。主要的危险因素包括基因的易感性如存在亚临床型先天性QT延长综合征或基因的变异、合并用药、老年、女性、低血钾、严重心动过缓、基础心脏疾病和肝肾功能异常等。正确认识其发生机理和相关危险因素,可保证临床医师有效而安全地使用药物。
Some of the non-antiarrhythmia drugs,like antibiotics and antihistamines,can cause QT prolongation and torsades de pointes.It is rare but potentially fatal.The blockade of the rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current（IKr） of the cardiac cell is responsible for the cellular mechanisms of this action.The underlying risk factors include genetic susceptibility（Iatent congenital LQTS,genetic polymorphisms）,drugs and drug combinations,advanced age,female sex,low serum potassium concentration,bradycardia,pre-existing cardiac disease,kidney and hepatic malfunction.Recognition of the related risk factors and exacerbating conditions can prevent the occurrence of the fatal side effect of these drugs.
出处
《心血管病学进展》
CAS
2011年第2期184-187,共4页
Advances in Cardiovascular Diseases
