通向至善的幸福圆满之路——论斯宾诺莎的自由学说

The Road to Supreme Good with Happiness——On Spinoza's theory of freedom

整个人类自由发展的历史脉络体现了西方文化中人的主体性和宗教性两种精神,斯宾诺莎在融合这两种精神的前提下,充分发挥人的认知能力,传承了理性主义传统,却又不抛弃虔诚和爱的精神。以自由与必然的关系为中心线索的伦理学是其哲学世界观与认识论的基础,整个思想的核心就是通过对人类自由的不断追求,最终达到人生圆满境界的实现,从而进一步揭示了自由向人本性回归的必然历程。

The development of freedom in the history of human being reflects two spirits in the western culture：man＇s subjectivity and religiousness.By integrating these two spirits as a requisite,Spinoza gave full play to man＇s cognitive ability and inherited the rationalistic tradition without abandoning the spirits of piousness and love.His ethnics,centering around the relationship between freedom and inevitability,is the basis for his philosophical world outlook and epistemology,the key point of which is that human being could achieve the ultimate happiness by means of constant pursuit of freedom,hence expounding the inevitable return of freedom back to human nature.