从模因论的视角解读赵元任的对外汉语教学理论

An Interpretation of Mr.Yuen Ren Chao’s Theories on TCSL from the Perspective of Memetics from the Perspective of Memetics

模因论揭示了文化演变的原理。语言模因成为语言文化传播的手段,也为二语习得方法提供了新视角。赵元任先生的对外汉语教学理论来源于他的亲身教学经验。他强调教学过程中要使语言学习者与所学的语言本身亲密接触;多听、多读、多背;他认为,语言是一套习惯;学习一门外语就是培养发音、语法和词汇的新习惯。从模因论的观点来看待对外汉语教学,外国学生的汉语习得过程就是口语模因、语法模因、词汇模因等的模仿同化、记忆然后表达传播的过程。

Memetics reveals the basic principles of cultural evolution.As a means of communication of language and culture,language meme provides a new perspective for the method of second language acquisition.Mr.Yuen Ren Chao＇s theory of teaching Chinese as a second language（TCSL） stems from his empirical teaching practice.He stresses that learners should contact with the target language closely,while listening more,reading more and memorizing more.He believes that language is a habit,and that to learn a foreign language is to develop the new habits of pronunciation,grammar and vocabulary.From the perspective of memetics,the process of learning Chinese as a foreign language is a process of assimilation,retention,expression and transmission of the language meme.