自贡市急救中心院前急救损伤病例分析

Analysis of Injury Cases in Pre-hospital Emergency Care in Zigong City

目的分析地市级急救中心院前急救中损伤患者临床特点,科学地指导院前急救诊断处置及急诊外科资源配置。方法回顾性分析2009年1 12月份自贡市急救中心出诊的全部有效病例中损伤患者出诊资料,分析其疾病谱、季节、月份、时刻分布特点。结果全年院前急救损伤患者共1 922例,排名前5位的分别为:头部损伤,涉及身体多个部位的损伤,膝和小腿损伤,腹部、背、腰椎和骨盆损伤,髋和大腿损伤,所有分类构成比男性均多于女性;损伤季节分布以冬季较多(P<0.05);分布以1、11、12月份为多;时刻分布以凌晨0:00～6:00为出诊最少时段。结论国际疾病分类(ICD-10)为规范院前急救疾病谱提供参考,根据损伤类疾病谱可确定急诊外科工作及发展重心,依据季节、月份及时刻分布特点能指导急救资源合理配置。

Objective To provide scientific guidance of assistances for patients sustaining injuries and of effective resource allocation of emergency surgery by analyzing the pre-hospital features of injuries in urgent rescue centers at the local or city level.Methods All cases of injuries in pre-hospital emergency care during the year of 2009 were studied.The spectrum of diseases,and the seasons,the months,and the time points of the diseases were analyzed.Results There were totally 1 922 patients of pre-hospital emergency care in the whole year.Based on the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision（ICD-10）,top five classifications were injuries to the head,injuries involving multiple body regions,injuries to the knee and lower leg,injuries to the abdomen,lower back,lumbar spine and pelvis,and injuries to the hip and thigh.For all kinds of injuries,the number of male patients was more than that of the female.The cases in winter were more than those in other seasons（P〈0.05）.The cases in January,November and December were more than those in other months.The cases between 0：00 am and 6：00 am were less than those at other time points.Conclusion ICD-10 could provide reference for standardizing the spectrum of diseases in pre-hospital care.The focus of emergency surgery may be guided by the spectrum of injuries.The features of the season,the month,and time point of diseases can offer practical help for resource allocation in pre-hospital care.