PVA基聚电解质渗透汽化膜的研究进展

Progress in studies on poly(vinyl alcohol) polyelectrolyte pervaporation dehydration membranes

介绍了聚电解质及其渗透汽化膜材料的优异性能,综述了聚乙烯醇(PVA)聚电解质渗透汽化膜材料的研究进展,阐述了两性聚电解质(APE)材料的特性,其内盐结构改善了膜的耐水性和耐高温性。90℃时,各种PVA基APE材料用于纯度为95%的工业乙醇脱水,分离因子在1 100～1 300,渗透通量为2 500～1 600 g/(m2.h),均优于现有的聚电解质复合物膜材料。APE材料在膜分离领域将会有广阔的发展前景。

This paper reviewed the excellent properties of polyelectrolyte and the pervaporation dehydration membrane material compounded from it, and summarized the advances in studies on poly（vinyl aleohol）（PVA） polyelectrolyte pervaporation dehydration membrane materials. The characteristics of polyampholyte （APE） and the role of APE＇s internal salt structure in improving water resistance and thermal stability of the membrane were expatiated. Various PVA-based APE materials were superior to the existing polyelectrolyte complexes in the usage for dehydration of industrial alcohol with purity of 95% at 90 ℃, with the separation factor in the range of 1 100 -1 300 and permeation flux in the range of 2 500 - 1 600 g/（m2·h）. The APE complex membrane materials has an extensive development prospect in the field of membrane separation.