局部蒸汽系统抑制熄灭油池火的实验研究

Experimental study on the suppression of pool fire with local water vapor system

选取乙醇为燃料试样,进行不同条件下蒸汽灭火的全尺寸实验,研究了局部蒸汽系统抑制熄灭油池火的有效性及其影响因素,并探讨其灭火机理。实验结果表明:喷口直径是影响蒸汽灭火的关键因素,中等直径的喷口具有较好的灭火效率;喷口方位和燃料浓度也会影响灭火有效性;局部蒸汽系统的有效保护面积大于直接覆盖面积,对可燃气和氧气的稀释置换作用应是蒸汽灭火的主导机理。

Water vapor is favored in fire suppression for its economy and environmental friendliness.In order to study the effectiveness and influencing factors of pool fire extinction by local water vapor system,a series of full-scale experiments were conducted under various conditions.Ethanol was used as the fuel in the experiments.The results indicate that nozzle diameter is the key factor affecting fire suppression,and the medium-diameter nozzle has better suppression efficiency.Besides nozzle radius,nozzle orientation and fuel concentration also affect the fire suppression effectiveness.The effective protection area of local water vapor system is larger than its direct flooding area.It is suggested that fuel vapor and oxygen displacement should be the major mechanism of fire suppression.