试论四川沱江流域的糖品流动(1900-1949)

The discussion of sugar's mobility of Sichuan Tuo River Region(1900-1949)

1900-1949年间,在沱江流域糖品流动过程中,既有期货及现货交易形式的并存,又有"蔗糖评价制度"及"食糖专卖政策"的制度安排。从销售区域及比例来看,该流域糖品主要供给区域外市场,且以川省市场为主。就糖品流动所带来的影响及政府对糖品流动干预所产生的后果而言,这一时期的蔗糖经济呈现出发展与危机并存的"悖论型"增长模式:发展的一面是糖品不仅与其他商品形成对流,优化了区域贸易格局,而且在其流动过程中也刺激了其他行业的发展,从而推动区域社会经济的进步;危机的一面是销售格局的不利影响持续扩大以及抗战时期政府对糖品交易的干预在一定程度上激化了蔗农与糖商、政府与民众之间的矛盾,蔗乡社会处于失序状态。

There were not only the existence of ＂pre - buy and pre - sale＂ which belonged to futures transaction, but also the implementation of ＂sugar evaluation system＂ and ＂sugar monopoly policy＂ in course of sugar＇ s mobility of Tuo River Region during 1900 to 1949. According to sale territory and proportion, sugar made in Tuo River Region were all shipped to outside regional market, which were mainly supplied to Sichuan internal market. In that time, sugar economy showed the coexistence of development and crisis from the perspective of the influence of sugar＇ s mobility and effects of government intervention. On one hand, the formation of convection between sugar and other commodities optimized the regional trade pattern, and led the development of other sectors. On the other hand, the impact of irrational structure of sugar has been expanding and the conflicts between planters and makers, peasants and government became so serious for the government intervention that rural society was in disorder state.