传统民间组织对村庄治理的启示

Implications of Traditional Non-government Organization to Village Governance

传统民间组织与当今农村社会在政治、经济、文化等方面所具有的相似性,决定了传统民间组织内部治理模式对于当今村庄治理具有重要的启迪和借鉴意义。家族宗族和乡约是古代最重要的两类乡村民间组织,主要通过族长、家法族规和"乡约"规则进行治理。而善堂善会、会馆和行会等则着重通过财务公开提高组织的公信力,从而增强其生命力。传统民间组织内部治理模式启示我们要加强农村民间组织建设,完善村民委员会治理结构,并形成监督制约机制。

The internal governance mechanism of the traditional nongovernment organization is of important reference to the construction of clean and honest administration in villages today, for there are some similarities between the traditional nongovernment organization and modern rural society in the respects of politics, economy and culture, etc. Families or clans and the community administrators are two very important traditional rural nongovernment organizations. They bring rural society under control by patriarchy, clan rules and village regulations. Charities, guildhalls and merchant guilds raise public credit through opening financial affairs to members for their examination and supervision. Its implications shows that we should enhance the rural nongovernment organizations, improve the governing structure of village committe and establish mechanism for supervision.