老年女性尿失禁患者生活质量及影响因素分析

Study on quality of life and its influencing factors of urinary incontinence in elderly women

目的了解老年女性尿失禁（urinary ineontinenee．UI）患者生活质量和影响因素。方法本研究采用整群抽样的方法，对北京市6个区养老院中642名符合条件的调查对象进行询问式的问卷调查。对其中244名不同类型UI患者进生活质量的测评，采用单因素和多因素方差分析处理数据。结果患者的生活质量问卷平均得分为（8．5±6．6）分，在社交活动受限、行为限制，心理影响3个领域的平均得分分别为（1．8±1．4）分，（4．0±3．5）分和（3．3±2．7）分。单因素分析显示，患UI的类型、UI的严重程度、UI的病程长短、患人体各系统疾病的多少、患者收入水平、生活自理能力的高低是影响患者生活质量的因素。经多因素方差分析发现，病程≥5年和生活自理能力是患者生活质量降低的危险因素。结论老年女性UI生活质量不容乐观，应针对其危险因素采取积极地护理和治疗。

Objective To investigate quality of life and its influencing factors among elderly women with urinary incontinence（UI） living at nursing homes in Beijing. Method A randomized method was used to select six districts in Beijing. All the nursing homes in these 6 districts were included in our study,642 eligible elderly women participated in the survey. Quality of life of 244 women who were identified with different type UI were assessed. Bivariate analysis and muhiple analysis were performed. Results The average score of quality of life was 8.5 ±6.6. Scores of social embarrassment, activity ＆ limiting behavior, psychosocial impacts were 1.8 ± 1.4, 4.0 ± 3.5 and 3.3 ± 2.7 respectively. In bivariate analysis, significant differences were found by type of UI, severity of UI,course of UI, health condition, income level and self-care ability. In multiple analysis after adjustment of other variables, UI course≥5 years and inability to take care of herself were risk factors of quality of life. Conclusion Quality of life of elderly women with UI is poor, specific nursing and treatment should be conducted.