海南省大敢森林景观恢复示范区退化原始林特征

Characteristics of Degraded Primary Forests in Dagan Demonstration Area of Forest Landscape Restoration,Hainan

对海南省大敢森林景观恢复示范区退化原始林调查的结果表明:退化原始林群落结构较为完整,明显分乔木层、灌木层及草本层。乔木层树种丰富,表现出较高的物种多样性(SW为3.61～4.46);4个群落主要优势树种分别为岭南山竹子和无翼坡垒、黄杞和岭南山竹子、细子龙和岭南山竹子,以及水石梓、海南黄檀和海南暗罗。林分平均胸径、平均树高、平均密度和单位面积蓄积量分别为10.2～14.3 cm、8.50～13.39 m、2 321～3 545株/hm2和142.51～199.44 m/hm2;林分直径分布均呈反J型。由于反复的人为择伐利用等干扰,乔木层第Ⅰ亚层价值较高的和干形较好的树木大部分已被利用,但是第Ⅱ亚层中仍然有干形较好、生长正常、经济价值较高的珍贵树种,如降香黄檀、无翼坡垒、青皮、野生荔枝等。灌木层和草本层物种丰富,有价值较高的珍贵的乔木幼树和幼苗。

Characteristics of degraded primary forests in Dagan demonstration area of Forest Landscape Restoration,Hainan Province were analyzed.The community was composed by arbor storey,shrub storey and grass storey.The arbor storey has high species diversity and the Shannon-Wiener index（SW） is 3.61~4.46.Dominant species in surveyed communities are（1）Garcinia oblongifolia and Hopea exalata,（2）Engelhardtia roxburghiana and Garcinia oblongifolia,（3）Amesidodendron chinense and Garcinia oblongifolia,and（4）Sarcosperma laurinum,Dalbergia hainanensis and Polyalthia laui respectively.The stand average DBH,height,growing stock and density are 10.2~14.3 cm,8.50~13.39 m,142.51~199.44 m3/hm2 and 2 321~3 545 N/ hm2 respectively.The DHB distribution of each degraded primary forests showed the inverse J type.Most of valuable trees in the sub-storey I in arbor storey have been used while there are many valuable native trees with better stem form such as Dalbergia odorifera,Hopea exalata,Vatica mangachapoi and Litchi chinensis because of the disturbances such as repeated selective cutting.Shrub storey and grass storey in each forest stand have rich species and valuable tree saplings and seedlings.