云南茶树优异种质资源的鉴定评价与筛选

Identification,Evaluation and Screening on Elite and Rare Tea Germplasms from Yunnan Province

从农艺性状、加工品质、生化成分、抗性等方面,对云南500份茶树种质资源进行了全面系统的鉴定和评价。采用近100项评定指标,筛选出52份优质资源,其中:四项常规成分含量均衡的32份;发芽特早生的2份;超常规水平的高多酚(>38%)含量5份、高咖啡碱(>5.2%)7份、低咖啡碱(<1%)的2份、高茶黄素(>1.6%)10份;水浸出物含量>48%的26份;抗根结线虫较强的2份;抗假眼小绿叶蝉较强的1份;抗咖啡小爪螨虫较强的2份;抗寒性较强的6份。

The agronomic traits,made tea quality,chemical components,cold tolerance and resistance to pests and diseases of 500 accessions tea germplasms collected from Yunnan Province were systematically and comprehensively investigated during 1986~2005.A total of 52 well-performed accessions tea germplasms were screened out according to nearly 100 characteristics.Among which,32 accessions were relatively coordinated polyphenols,amino acids,caffeine and water extract contents,2 super early maturity,5 high polyphenols contents（38%）,7 high caffeine content（5.2%）,2 high caffeine content（1%）,10 high theaflavins content（1.6%）,26 high water extracts content（48%）,2 high resistant to root knot nematode,1 high resistant to tea leafhopper,2 high resistant to tea red spider mite and 6 strong cold tolerance germplasms.