1RADY M Y, SMITHLINE H A, BLAKE H, et al. A comparison of the shock index and conventional vital signs to identify acute,critical illness in the emergency department[J]. Am Emerg Med, 1994,24 : 685 - 690.
2CANNON C M, BRAXTON C C, KLING-SMITH M,et al. Utility of the shock index in predicting mor tality in traumatically injured patients[J]. J Trauma: Injury,Infection, and Critical Care, 2009,67:1426 - 1430.
3BIRKHAHN R H,GAETA T J,VAN DEUSEN S K, et al. The ability of traditional vital signs and shock index to identify ruptured ectopie pregnancy[J]. Am J Obstet Gynecol,2003,189 : 1293 1296.
5BIRKHAHN R H,GAETA T J,TERRY T, et al. Shock index in diagnosing early acute hypovolemia [J].AmJ Emerg Med,2005,23:323 -326.
6KING R W,PLEWA M C,FENN BUDERER N M, et al. Shock index as a marker for significant injury in trauma patients[J].Acad Emerg Med, 2008,3:1041- 1045.
7RADY M Y,RIVERS E P,MARTIN G B,et al. Con tinuous central venous oximetry and shock index in the emergency department: use in the evaluation of clinical shock[J]. Am J Emerg Med, 1992, 10.. 538- 541.
8MEHTA R H,CALIFF R M,YANG Q H,et al. Impact of initial heart rate and systolic blood pressure on relation of age and mortality among fibrinolytic trea- ted patients with acute st elevation myocardial infarction presenting with cardiogenic shock[J]. Am J Cardiol, 2007,99 :793- 796.
9KATZ J N,STEBBINS A I.,ALEXANDER J H,et al. Predictors of 30 day mortality in patients with re fractory cardiogenic shock following acute myocardial infarction despite a patient infarct artery [J]. Am Heart J,2009,158:680-687.
10TOOSI M S, MERLINO J D, LEEPER K V. Prognos tic value of the shock index along with transthoracic echocardiography in risk stratification of patients with acute pulmonary embolism [J]. Am J Cardiol, 2008, 101:700- 705.
2KUCHER N, LUDER C M, DORNHOFER T, et al. Novel man agement strategy for patients with suspected pulmonary embolism [J]. Eur Heart J, 2003, 24(4) : 366 -376.
3TORBICKI A, PERRIER A, KONSTANTINIDES S, et al. Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism[J]. Eur Heart J, 2008, 29(18): 2276-2315.
4KREIT J W. The impact of right ventricular dysfunction on the prognosis and therapy of normotensive patients with pulmonary embolism[J]. Chest, 2006, 125(4) : 1 539 -1 545.
5NATH J, FOSTER E, HEIDENREICH P A. Impact of tricuspid regurgitation on long- term survival [ J ]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2004, 43 ( 3 ) : 405 - 409.
6MADAN A, SCHWARTZ C. Echocardiographic visualization of acute pulmonary embolus and thrombolysis in the ED [ J ]. Am J Emerg Med, 2004, 22(4): 294-300.
7DALEN J E. Thrombolysis in submassive pulmonary embolism? No [J]. J Tbromb Haemost, 2003, 1(6): 1 130-1 132.
8KONSTANTINIDES S. Thrombolysis in submassive pulmonary embolism? Yes[J]. J Thromb Haemost, 2003, 1 (6): 1 127 - 1 129.
9GOLDHABER S Z. Thrombolytic therapy for patients with pulmonary embolism who are hemodynamically stable but have right ventricular dysfunction [ J ]. Arch Intern Med, 2005, 165 ( 19 ) : 2 197 -2 199.
10LANGAN C J, WEINGART S. New diagnostic and treatment modalities for pulmonary embolism: one path through the confusion [J]. Mt Sinai J Med, 2006, 73(2) : 528 -541.