飞机翼身对接装配中的接头测量与评价技术

Joint measuring and evaluating technology for final assembly of aircraft wing and fuselage

为了满足飞机机身与机翼对接装配的协调准确度要求,在对接装配前一般需要采用翼身接头精加工程序.为了保证加工过程的安全性并及时反馈加工质量信息,提出一种飞机数字化总装配时的翼身接头测量与评价方法.在专用数控加工中心的主轴上安装三坐标测量头,使之具有精密测量与数控加工一体化功能.在翼身接头测量过程中,数控机床和机身调姿工装的运动由系统主控计算机协调.基于测量数据预处理的结果,自动建立所有翼身接头的参数化模型.根据装配工艺的要求,进行各翼身接头的加工过程仿真、加工余量评价以及精加工检验,保证精加工的质量和安全性.分析精加工过程可能存在的问题,并给出相应的评价模型与指标.应用结果表明,该方法能实现机身与机翼之间的准确对接与协调互换.

Before going through the final assembly of aircraft fuselage and wing,a finish machining program for wing-fuselage joints was designed in order to guarantee the final assembly quality.A wing-fuselage joint measuring and evaluating method for aircraft digital final assembly was proposed to ensure the safety of machining process and master the cutting status in time.Three-coordinate gauge head was installed in spindle of a special NC（Numerical Control） machine tool to make it has both inspection and machining functions.In the process of measuring wing-fuselage joints,the relationship of the movements of NC machine tool and the posture of fuselage or wing were coordinated by main control system.Parameterized models of all wing-fuselage joints were automatically extracted through the inspection data.Cutting process simulation,machining allowance check-up and final quality test of all wing-fuselage joints were carried out according to the demands of the final assembly process,thus the quality and safety of the finish machining were guaranteed.Moreover,some latent problems in finish machining process were analyzed,and some corresponding evaluating models and index were put forward.Application result shows that this method can be used to guarantee the accurate joining and meet the exchange requirement between fuselages and wings.