拔除上颌智齿对下颌智齿冠周炎发病率的影响

Correlation study of the incidence of the third molar pericoronitis of the mandibular after extracting the opposite wisdom teeth

目的调查参加国庆60周年阅兵训练的470名武警官兵智齿冠周炎发病情况，并探讨预防性拔除上颌智齿是否能减少下颌智齿冠周炎的发病，为部队口腔卫生卫勤提供参考。方法通过对有智齿阻生情况的146人进行口腔检查和问卷调查，对下颌有智齿并有对牙合智齿的战士68人随机分成干预组（预防性拔除下颌智齿的对[牙合]智齿34人）和对照组（不予拔除）。观察拔除下颌阻生智齿的对牙台智齿发生冠周炎发病率情况。结果下颌智齿发生阻生的几率较大（82．9％），上颌智齿正位萌出几率较大（44．4％）；训练前4个月内智齿冠周炎的发病率为11．0％（16／146），明显低于训练期间[22．6％（33／146），P〈0．05]。干预组冠周炎的发病率为8．8％（3／34），显著低于对照组[29．4％（10／34），P〈0．05]。其中干预组中冠周炎症状严重者1人（33．3％），显著低于对照组[6人（60．0％），P〈0．05]。结论参阅训练中的武警官兵智齿冠周炎发病率高。在拔除下颌阻生齿的对骀呀后，有效降低了智齿冠周炎的发病率，可作为部队卫勤预防智齿冠周炎的方法。

Objective To investigate the wisdom tooth pericoronitis on 470 Armed Police Forces parade participants, and explore the pericoronitis incidence of the third mandibular molar after extracting the opposite wisdom tooth. Methods One hundred forty-six cases were investigated through an oral examination and questionnaire survey. 68 cases were found the incidence of pericoronitis of the third mandibular molar. They were divided with two groups randomly. Treatment group which 34 cases were extracted the opposite wisdom tooth and control group （34 cases） without removed opposite wisdom tooth. We explored the incidence of pericoronitis of the third mandibular molar after extracting the opposite wisdom tooth. Results The incidence of pericoronitis was high among those parade participants （22.6%）. There was a significant difference as compared with before parade training （11.0%） （P〈0.05）. Most of the third molars of the mandibular are impact teeth. Extracting the opposite wisdom teeth can slow down the incidence of pericoronitis of the third molar. There was a significant difference between treatment group （8.8%） and control group （29.4%） （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Referring to the high incidence of wisdom tooth pericoronitis among the participants, extraction the opposite wisdom tooth can reduce the pericoronitis of the third mandibular molar from happening.