宝鸡峡灌区农业水资源安全评价研究

Safety assessement of agricultural water resources in Baojixia irrigation area

【目的】对宝鸡峡灌区农业水资源安全进行评价,为解决宝鸡峡灌区农业水资源供需矛盾提供参考。【方法】在前人研究的基础上,用评定系数表示每一个评价因素或指标对农业水资源安全的作用,结合灌区实际,建立农业水资源安全评价体系,运用综合评价模型对宝鸡峡灌区农业水资源安全进行计算和总体评价。【结果】结合宝鸡峡灌区实际,建立了包括水资源量、供水、用水、生态环境效益和社会经济效益5项共23个评价指标的农业水资源安全评价指标体系,运用综合评价模型计算宝鸡峡灌区农业水资源安全的综合评价值为2.540。分析认为,水资源短缺、供水工程效率低、水资源配置不合理、渠系水利用系数和灌溉水利用系数较低、水价偏低、地下水降落漏斗、水质污染、水资源的经济和社会效益低等,是影响灌区农业水资源安全的主要因素。【结论】提出保障灌区农业水资源安全的5项主要措施,以促进灌区农业的可持续发展。

【Objective】 Evaluating the safety of agricultural water resources should be considered in order to provide a reference for solving the contradiction of the agriculture water resources supply and demand in Baojixia irrigation area.【Method】 Based on previous studies,the function of each factor or index is described by using assessment coefficient.Taking into account the actual situation of irrigation area,evaluation index system of agricultural water resources safety should be established,and an integrated evaluation model has been accepted to give an calculation and overall evaluation for safety of agricultural water resources in Baojixia irrigation area.【Result】 Considering the actual situation of Baojixia irrigation area,the selected evaluation index system of agricultural water resources safety includes five factors：amount of water resources,water supply,water use,ecological environment benefits,economic returns and social benefits,and a total of 23 evaluation indexes is considered.By calculating through comprehensive evaluation model,comprehensive evaluation value is 2.540 in Baojixia irrigation area.Through analysis,we consider that the main factors which affect the agricultural water resources security are shortage of water resources,poor efficiency of water supply projects,irrational allocation of water resources,poor water efficiency in canal system and water efficiency in field,low water price,groundwater depression cone,water pollution,poor environment benefits of water resources,poor returns and social benefits of water resources etc.【Conclusion】 Accordingly,five major measures are proposed to protect the agricultural water resources security in order to promote sustainable development of agriculture in Baojixia irrigation area.