两性聚丙烯酰胺水分散体系的制备及结构表征

Preparation and Structure Characterization of Water Dispersion of Amphoteric Polyacrylamide

以硫酸铵水溶液为反应介质,以丙烯酰胺（AM）为主要单体,以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DMC）和丙烯酸（AA）为离子单体,以DMC均聚物（PDMC）为稳定剂,以2,2′-偶氮二[2-（2-咪唑啉-2-代）丙烷]二氢氯化物（V-50）为引发剂,采用水分散聚合技术,合成了流动性好、具有良好稳定性的两性聚丙烯酰胺分散体系。NMR1H谱表明,聚合物中DMC单元的含量与原料中所占的比例相近。所制备的两性聚电解质具有明显的反聚电解质效应。硫酸铵浓度、稳定剂浓度、引发剂浓度和pH值对分散体系的粒子形貌和聚合物的特性黏数都有较大的影响。最佳合成条件为：硫酸铵浓度31%~33%、分散剂用量为0.46 g·g-1、引发剂用量400 mg·kg-1和pH值为5~6。

With acrylamide（AM） as the main raw material,methacrylatoethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride（DMC） and acrylic acid as ionic co-monomer,the homopolymer of DMC（PDMC） as the stabilizer and azo-compounds（V-50） as initiator,amphoteric polyacrylamide（AmPAM） was synthesized by water dispersion polymerization.AmPAM dispersion had good fluidity and stability.According to NMR 1H spectrum,DMC molar ratio of polymer was near to that of original monomers.AmPAM had anti-polyelectrolyte effect.（NH4）2SO4 concentration,PDMC concentration,V-50 concentration and pH value had much effect on the particle morphology of the dispersion and AmPAM＇s intrinsic viscosity.The optical condition were：（NH4）2SO4 concentration 31%~33%;PDMC concentration 0.46 g·g（monomer）-1,V-50 concentration 400 mg·kg-1 and pH value 5~6.