浙江省本地及引进鹅种遗传多样性研究

Studies on genetic diversity of goose breeds in Zhejiang province

本研究利用PCR和DNA克隆测序技术扩增并分析了浙江省5个地方鹅种和1个引进家鹅品种96个个体的线粒体DNA D环区(D-loop)全序列。结果表明:浙江省境内的家鹅线粒体DNA D-loop全序长为1 166～1 179 bp,共发现89个变异位点,定义了36种单倍型,群体总核苷酸多样度达到了0.007 25,单倍型多样度为0.862,说明鹅群的遗传资源较为丰富,其中磐石灰鹅的遗传多样性最丰富,朗德鹅的遗传多样性最匮乏,而且没有发现朗德鹅与其他本地鹅种之间的显著差异。同时,个体聚类图中同品种内的个体没有聚在一起,说明浙江省鹅品种的母系来源比较混杂,品种选育偏重于父系,应同时结合基因组水平对其遗传结构进行分析。

The complete D-loop sequences of mitochondrial DNA from 96 geese of 5 domestic and one introduced goose breeds were sequenced and the genetic differentiations were analysed. The result showed that the length of the complete D-loop sequence was 1 166 - 1 179 bp. Ninety-six variable sites were detected and 36 haplotypes were identified in this study. The nucleotide diversity of these goose breeds was 0. 007 25 and the haplotype diversity was 0. 862. The Panshi grey goose showed the most genetic diversity and the Landoise goose the least. No significant difference was found between the Landoise and other local goose breeds. The result that the individuals of same breed were not clustered together indicated their maternal origins were random and multiple, and the breed selection was mainly focused on paternal side, which requires a further combined analysis of goose genetic background from genomic level.