高效电子荧光灯作为空间高等植物栽培光源的可行性

A Feasibility Study on the Highly efficient Electronic Fluorescent Lamp Used as a Lighting Source for Cultivation of Higher Plant in Space.

目的证明高效电子荧光灯可以作为空间高等植物栽培的唯一光源。方法采用高效电子荧光灯作光源，在新建成的空间高等植物栽培地面实验装置中进行了生菜三个品种的栽培试验。其它栽培条件是：温度２０±０．２℃，相对湿度７５±１％，光合有效辐射平均为７０μｍｏｌ．ｍ－２．ｓ－１ＰＰＦ，光周期２４ｈ光／０ｈ暗，风速平均为０．４５ｍ／ｓ，有效栽培面积１．２ｍ２，栽培周期２８ｄ，草碳＋蛭石基质培养，每批次栽培一个品种。待植株成熟收获后分别实施了其地上部分的外部形态学观察、可食生物量产量和光合作用效率的测量和计算、叶片中蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、氨基酸、维生素和矿质营养元素等营养成份的分析和与其它有关实验的比较。同时进行了该灯寿命的考查及其光合有效辐射量衰减率的计算。结果上述多项指标均符合要求，有些还优于其他同类实验结果。结论高效电子荧光灯完全可以满足生菜等拟在空间站栽培的高等植物正常生长发育的需要，物理特性也基本符合要求，因此可以作为空间高等植物栽培的唯一光源。

Objective To testify that the Highly efficient Electronic Fluorescent Lamp (HEFL) can be used as a sole lighting source for the cultivation of higher plants in space. Method The HEFL was utilized as the lighting source for the culture of three varieties of Luctuca sativa L in the lately constructed Space Higher Plant Cultivation Ground based Experimental Facility(SHPCGEF). Other culturing conditions were: temperature 20±0.2℃, relative humidity 75±1%, average photosynthetic active radiation(PAR)70 μmol.m -2 .s -1 PPF, average wind velocity 0.45 m/s, photoperiod 24 h light/0 h dark, peat+vermiculite substrate culture, useful growing area 1.2 m 2, growing period 28 d,one variety was cultured at every batch. Following plant maturing and being harvested, observations of external morphology of above ground parts of the plants, measurements and calculations of edible biomass output and photosynthetic efficiency, analysis of nutrient compositions such as proteins, fats, carbonhydrates, amino acids, vitamins and elemental compositions of lettuce leaves, and comparisons with formerly related experiments were made. Result All of the above mentioned targets met our demands, some of them were superior to the results of other similar experiments. Conclusion The HEFL can completely meet the needs for the growth and development of some higher plants planned to be grown in space, its physical characters basically accord with the demands, so it can be utilized as the only lighting source for higher plant growth in space environmental conditions.