田头菇属不同分离菌株杂交研究

Study on the Hybridization for Different Isolates of Genus Agrocybe

目的:验证杨柳田头菇菌株YAASM0711的性遗传模式,探索田头菇属不同分离菌株间的杂交结果。方法:对菌株YAASM0962、YAASM0969以及茶树菇CS45做了交配型与种间杂交研究。结果:菌株YAASM0962其性遗传模式为四极异宗结合,4种交配型比例A3B3∶A4B3∶A3B4∶A4B4为6∶10∶14∶7;菌株YAASM0969和茶树菇CS45出现偏分离现象,只有两种极性出现,2种交配型比例分别为(YAASM0969,A5B5∶A6B6)38∶35和(CS45,A7B7∶A8B8)51∶55。菌株YAASM0711与YAASM0962、YAASM0969、YAASM0967、CS45之间杂交能形成具锁状联合的双核菌丝,且除茶树菇外均能产生子实体。结论:除茶树菇CS45外其余的菌株为杨柳田头菇,它们的有性繁殖方式应该均为四极异宗结合,伴随人工的栽培,其交配因子基因之间不断的重组、插入或删除引发偏分离现象,导致极性菌株比例失调,甚至使一些极性丢失。

Objective：In order to verify the sex-inheritance of strain YAASM0711 of Agrocybe salicacola and explore the interspecific hybridization between different isolates of Agrocybe.Method：The mating type and interspecific hybridization for strains YAASM0962,YAASM0969,YAASM0967 and A.aegerita CS45 were studied.Result：The sex-inheritance of strain YAASM0962 was tetrapolar heterothallism,the ratio of four different mating-type A3B3∶A4B3∶A3B4∶A4B4 of monocaryotic strains was 6∶10∶14∶7.The ratio of mating type of YAASM0969 and CS45 were distorted segregation,only there were two mating types in the basidiospores.The ratios of two different mating-type of YAASM0969（A5B5∶A6B6） and CS45（A7B7∶A8B8） were 38∶35 and 51∶55.The mating results showed that the dikaryons with clamp connection of YAASM0711-YAASM0962,YAASM0711-YAASM0969,YAASM0711-YAASM0967 and YAASM0711-CS45 could be obtained,and produced fruiting bodies except YAASM0711-CS45.Conclusion：In a word,A.salicacola and A.aegerita were different biological species except for others,the sex-inheritance of them are tetrapolar heterothallism,segregation distortion caused by the the mating factor gene constant recombination,insert or delete accompany artificial cultivation,which lead to the disproportion of polarity strain,and even make some polarity is lost.