心肺耐力：体质健康的核心要素--以美国有氧中心纵向研究为例

Cardiorespiratory Fitness:A Core Component of Health-related Physical Fitness——Introduction to the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

从20世纪40年代开始的体力活动与冠心病发病及死亡风险的研究使人们开始关注体力活动、心肺耐力与健康及疾病风险间的关联。特别是近些年来世界范围内体力活动不足问题日益加剧,体力活动与心肺耐力,以及心肺耐力在人体健康状况及疾病死亡风险中的重要作用尤其受到关注,成为公共健康与运动科学领域最活跃的研究方向之一。心肺耐力作为人群体力活动水平的一个客观生理指标,与各人群全死因死亡率及心血管疾病死亡率高度相关,是体质健康各组成部分的核心要素。以Steven N Blair教授在美国Cooper研究所主持开展的有氧中心纵向研究(ACLS)的系列成果为主要参考资料,综述体力活动、心肺耐力与人群健康及疾病风险间的关联,并讨论前瞻性流行病学研究在体力活动与公共健康研究领域的重要功能,揭示心肺耐力在体质健康各要素中的核心地位。

The association of physical activity and physical fitness with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease（CVD） was not understood scientifically until Dr.Morris and his colleagues began to study coronary heart disease in the late 1940s.With the worldwide prevalence of physical inactivity in recent years,the role of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness（CRF） were highly focused.Physical activity and fitness is becoming one of the most active research areas in the field of public health and exercise science.CRF,an objective marker of habitual physical activity level,was associated with CVD and all-cause mortality in general populations as well as in people with chronic diseases.To better understand the association between physical activity,CRF and risks of fatal and nonfatal diseases,this paper reviewed a series articles from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study.This paper also emphasized the important role of prospective observational epidemiological studies in physical activity and public health research field.