从财产权保障视角论我国的宪法财产权条款

The Constitutional Property Clause: the Perspective from the Safeguard of Property Right

宪法财产权条款是一国宪法确立私有财产权宪法保障地位的规范依据。我国现行《宪法》第13条规定是我国宪法上的财产权条款,具有重要的规范意义。但我国宪法财产权条款采不完善的"保障+剥夺"二层结构,因而应予修正,改采完善的"保障+限制+剥夺"三层结构。一国宪法财产权条款所保障的财产范围是十分广泛的,一切具财产价值的私法上的权利和公法上的权利都在其内,具财产价值的期待性权利乃至存在合法性瑕疵的财产也可以有条件地包括其内。宪法财产权条款为一国宪法上的财产权提供双重保障机制,即个别保障与制度保障、存续保障与价值保障,我国宪法财产权条款在此方面有很大的改善空间。

The constitutional property clause is the norm basis for creating the constitutional status of private property.Article 13 of the Constitution is our country＇s constitutional property clause,which is very important for protecting private property.In structure,China＇s constitutional property clause should adopt the three-layer model of ＂protecting ＋ limiting ＋ depriving＂,but not the two-layer model of ＂protecting ＋ depriving＂.The property scope protected by constitutional property clause is very broad,which includes all properties protected by private and public law,and that future property interests and some interests which are not wholly lawful are also included.Individual protection and institutional protection,and existing protection and valuable protection,are the protecting mechanisms provided by constitutional property clause.In this aspect,our country＇s constitutional property clause should be improved a lot.