口腔黏膜下纤维性变致病因素研究进展

Aetiology of oral submucous fibrosis

口腔黏膜下纤维性变(oral submucous fibrosis,OSF)是一种慢性、隐匿性且具有癌变倾向的疾病,主要发生于印度、巴基斯坦等东南亚国家以及我国湖南、台湾两省。OSF病因不明,咀嚼槟榔是其最主要的致病因素,且咀嚼槟榔的频率越高、年限越长,越易患OSF。所有OSF患者都有咀嚼槟榔史,咀嚼槟榔还与口腔白斑、口腔癌发病高度相关。此外,OSF的发生还与遗传因素、免疫反应、胶原相关性基因,营养缺乏等有关。本文就OSF致病因素做一简单介绍。

Oral submucous fibrosis （OSF） is a chronic debilitating disease and a premalignant condition of the oral cavity. OSF is popular in India, Pakistan and many southeast-Asian countries, and Hunan and Taiwan province. The aetiology of OSF is obscure, areca nut chewing is the main aetiological factor for OSF. A clear dose-dependent relationship was observed for both frequency and duration of areca nut chewing in the development of OSF. All patients were chewers. areca nut chewing has strong association with the risk of OSF, oral leukoplakia （OL） , and oral cancer （OC）. Various factors, such as genetic predisposition, immunity, collagen-related genes, nurture deficiency, have been implicated in the development of OSF.