道宣与中国佛教史上“法难观”的形成

Daoxuan and the Formation of Chinese Buddhist Persecution Concepts

近代学者用"法难"一词概括中国史上重要排佛事件。唐代初年,在佛教与政治出现紧张关系的背景之下,道宣(596-667)多次提出"法难"观。武德时期,有全国范围的限制寺院行动,道宣师徒居住的日严寺也被合并,他产生政治上的压抑感;高宗时期,随着道宣成为长安僧团领袖,历次排佛事件成为道宣争取朝臣同情以及整顿僧团秩序的历史依据。

Modern scholarship employs the words ＂Buddhism persecution＂ to describe the anti-Buddhist movements in Chinese history.In the early time of the Tang Dynasty,when there was tense relationship between Buddhist monks and politics,Daoxuan brought forward many times the concepts of ＂Buddhist persecution＂,which was closely related to the surroundings he faced.