中西叙事学界的詹姆斯·费伦研究——回顾与展望

A Review of James Phelan Study: Retrospectives and Outlooks

詹姆斯·费伦是当今欧美叙事学界最有影响力的叙事学家之一，其修辞性叙事理论聚焦于叙事形式、伦理和审美之间的循环互动，以多层次性、动态性、开放性为特征，在叙事诗学与叙事批评实践、经典叙事学与后经典叙事学之间达到了较为良好的平衡，被誉为是“西方后经典叙事理论的一个亮点”。上个世纪八十年代以降，费伦的修辞性叙事理论就已经引起了中西学界的关注。进入新世纪之后，中西叙事学界的费伦研究更有日渐升温的趋势。本文在简述费伦修辞性叙事理论的基础上，重点回顾和梳理了中西叙事学界的费伦研究，分析了当下学界关于费伦研究的成效与不足，并对未来的费伦研究提出了建议。

James Phelan is recognized as one of the most influential narratologists, whose rhetorical theory of narrative focuses on the interaction between narrative form, ethics and aesthetics. Highlighting its salient features of multi-layeredness, dynamics, and openness, rhetorical theory of narrative reaches a balance between narrative poetics and narrative criticism, as well as a balance between classical narratology and postclassical narratology. Since 1980s, Phelan’s rhetorical theory of narrative has caught an increasing amount of scholarly attention. This paper reviews the current state of Phelan studies both in the west and in China, and outlines new directions for future research.