杂交水稻恢复系恢复力的遗传 Ⅰ.恢复系花粉可育性的遗传

Genetic analysis on restoring ability for restorerlines in indica hybrid riceI. genetic analysis of pollen fertility for restorer lines

利用１０个恢复系和８个不同可恢性的不育系组成８×１０不完全双列杂交，对恢复系花粉可育性进行了配合力及遗传力分析。结果表明：①不同恢复系对不育系花粉育性恢复有较大差异；②恢复系对不育系的育性恢复占主导地位，不育系有一定作用；③杂交水稻花粉可育性遗传以加性效应为主，属数量性状，且恢复系花粉可育性占主导地位；④以花粉育性为性状选育恢复系时，用一般配合力比用特殊配合力更准确；⑤花粉育性的广义遗传力较高，但狭义遗传力偏低，说明花粉育性仍受环境的一定影响；⑥测定恢复系或不育系花粉育性，全穗花粉育性比部分花粉育性更准确；⑦如以花粉育性作为恢复力指标，利用ＭＲ６６、泸恢１７、多恢５７作亲本，易选育出恢复力较高的恢复系和优势较强的杂交组合。

Analysis of the combining ability and inheritability of restorers' pollen fertility was conductod with a set of 810 incomplete diallel crosses,in which parents included 10 restorers and 8 CMS lines with different restorable fertility.The results were reported as follows:1)Restorers were observed a considerable difference in recovering CMS line's pollen fertility;2)The restoreres played a dominant role and the CMS lines did a definite action in recovering CMS line's pollen fertility;3)Hybrid rice's pollen fertility was a quantitative character and was majorly controlled by additive heredity,in which restorer played major role;4)When pollen fertility was used as indicator to select restorers,the effect of GCA for pollen fereility was more important than that of SCA;5)Although h2(B)for pollen fertility was greater than h2(N),it was also affected by environment;6)The observing result from all of a spike's pollen was more accurate than that from part of a spike's pollen in observing restorers' or CMS lines' pollen fertility;7)If restorer's pollen fertility was regarded as restoring ability index,it was easy in breeding for restorers with high restorering ability and crosses with considerable heterosis with Minghui66,Luhui17 and Duohui57 as parents.