西部偏远地区彝汉两族高血压流行现状及影响因素分析

Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of hypertension among Yi and Han ethnic groups in the western remote rural areas of China

目的了解中国西部偏远地区彝汉两族人群高血压患病现状及其影响因素。方法 2005年7月对攀枝花市盐边县农村地区采用分层整群抽样的方法,选取20岁及以上彝汉两族居民各374例和686例进行高血压流行病学调查。结果单因素分析时,彝族人群的收缩压及舒张压均低于汉族,高血压患病率亦低于汉族,分别为27.0%和33.2%;调整年龄、性别后仍显示彝族高血压患病率低于汉族。两族人群的高血压亚型中仅收缩期合并舒张期高血压(SDH)患病率彝族低于汉族,正常血压、正常高值、单纯收缩期高血压(ISH)、单纯舒张期高血压(IDH)的百分比在两族间差异无统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析显示,性别、年龄、婚姻状态、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)等可能是高血压的独立影响因素,民族未进入最后的模型。结论彝汉两族高血压患病率均较高,彝族种群因素并不一定是高血压的保护性因素。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of hypertension among Yi and Han ethnic groups in the western remote rural areas of China.Methods The study was conducted in the rural areas of Yanbian County,Panzhihua,in July,2005.The stratified cluster sampling was applied to select subjects aged 20 years or over in Yi and Han ethnic groups.The survey collected information on demographic characteristics,clinical examination and blood pressure from 374 and 686 residents of Yi and Han ethnic groups,respectively.Results The prevalence of hypertension,and the mean values of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were significant lower in Yi ethnic groups（27.0%,121.0 and 79.1,respectively） than in Han ethnic groups（33.2%,124.8 and 81.9,respectively）（P〈0.05）.The prevalence of combined systolic/diastolic hypertension（SDH） was significant higher in Han than in Yi ethnic groups（P〈0.05）.However,there were no significant differences in the prevalence of normal blood pressure,isolated systolic hypertension（ISH） and isolated diastolic hypertension（IDH） between Han and Yi ethnic groups.Multiple factor logistic regression analysis suggested that sex,age,marital status and HDL-C level were the influencing factors of hypertension.The factor of ethnic groups was not significant adjusting by other variables.Conclusion The prevalence rates of hypertension are higher in Han ethnic groups than in Yi ethnic groups due to the differences of sex,age,marital status and HDL-C levels.