宁夏农村居民高血压流行病学调查及相关因素分析

Prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among rural residents in Ningxia

目的了解宁夏地区农村居民高血压患病情况,为宁夏回族自治区农村高血压防治提供科学依据。方法 2008-2009年间,采用整群抽样调查方法,随机抽取宁夏全区5个自然村,对18岁及以上常住居民进行高血压患病情况调查,并对高血压患病的影响因素进行单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果本次共调查4 941人,其中男性2 122人,女性2 819人,高血压患者870例,高血压患病率为17.61%,标化患病率为13.88%。高血压患病率男性为14.75%,女性为19.76%(P<0.05)。回族为16.60%,汉族为18.91%(P<0.05)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果,性别、年龄、冠心病、糖尿病、吸烟、家族史为高血压的危险因素,OR值分别为1.941、1.901、7.279、3.680、2.079和3.317。结论宁夏农村居民高血压患病率略低于全国基本患病率。

Objective To investigate the prevalence,epidemiological features and risk factors of hypertension in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Methods A multi-stage randomized cluster sampling was used to select 5 villages for the study in the region.A face-to-face interview and physical examination were carried out in 2008 and 2009 for residents equal to or over 18 years old.Both single-factor and multiple-factors Logistic regression analyses were used for the risk factor determination of hypertension.Results 4 941 residents（men：2 122;women：2 819） participated the study.17.61%（870/4 941） of residents had hypertension.The standardized prevalence rate of hypertension was 13.88%.Women（19.8%） had significant higher prevalence rate of hypertension than men did（14.8%）（P〈0.05）.The prevalence rate of hypertension was different between the residents of Hui ethnic minority（16.6%） and those of Han ethnic Chinese（18.91%）（P〈 0.05）.A multiple-factor unconditioned logistic regression model suggested that the risk factors of hypertension included age,sex,coronary heart disease,diabetes,the family history of hypertension and smoking history.Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension was high in the rural residents of Ningxia and effective intervention measures should be given to the population with high risk of hypertension.