农民工就业地选择决策的影响因素分析

Factors Affecting Decision on Employment Destination for Rural Migrant Workers

文章利用多项选择Logit(MNL)模型,通过2009年问卷调查数据对农民工就业地选择的影响因素进行了实证分析。研究发现:农民工就业地选择过程中具有明显的年龄选择特征和技能遴选效应,年龄每增加10岁,其选择省外就业的概率将会降低3.67%;与本地县域就业相比,技能优势主要体现在跨省就业选择中;家庭农业生产机械化程度越高、非农收入比值越大,农民工选择省外就业的概率就越低;居住地经济越发达,农民工更倾向于选择本地就业。此外,人均耕地、就业途径、居住地类型、交通便利度以及户籍制度也是影响农民工就业地选择的重要因素。

Using data from a survey conducted in 2009 covering four selected areas in China this paper examines patterns and influencing factors for rural migrant workers＇choice in employment destinations. There are individual, family and community characteristics that are significantly associated with employment destinations： age, skills, mechanization of family agricultural production and nonagricultural income ratio of the migrants and development level of their place of origin have significant negative impact on selecting outside province employment. Economic factors have a dominant role in selecting employment destinations. Migration network, transportation facilitation and the household registration system are also among the important factors affecting employment destinations. Policy implications are also discussed in the paper.