骨髓基质干细胞与骨缺损的修复

Bone marrow stromal stem cells and bone defect repair

背景:骨髓基质干细胞来源广泛,分离方便,扩增迅速,具有多向分化潜能,适合自体移植的特点,同时是骨组织工程中合适的种子细胞。目的:总结分析采用骨髓基质干细胞作为种子细胞,并利用转基因或其复合支架修复骨缺损所具有的优势。方法:检索1990/2009西文生物医学期刊文献数据及CNKI数据库有关骨髓基质干细胞分离、培养,在骨缺损方面的应用,骨组织工程方面的文献,英文检索词为"Bone marrow stem cells,Repairing,Bone defect",中文检索词为"骨髓基质干细胞,修复,骨缺损"。排除重复性研究,保留28篇进一步归纳总结。结果与结论:文章从骨髓基质干细胞作为种子细胞的优势,骨髓基质干细胞的分离和培养,骨髓基质干细胞的成骨诱导及骨髓基质干细胞修复骨缺损等方面进行了总结。利用骨髓基质干细胞作为种子细胞,与适当的支架材料结合,或用骨髓基质干细胞作为靶细胞,导入外源目的基因诱导成骨的基因治疗来修复骨缺损的方法,给骨缺损的治疗带来光明的前景。但同时也存在骨髓基质干细胞存化,骨髓基质干细胞的增殖、分化合适的条件,哪些因子能有效促进新骨形成,载体材料及体内植入方式,以及如何将骨组织工程与基因治疗的方法结合起来等问题需要进一步的研究。

BACKGROUND：Bone marrow stromal stem cells can be widely obtained,easily separated,rapidly amplified,and with the potential of multiple directional differentiation,and are suitable for the characteristics of autotransplantation. Simultaneously,bone marrow stromal stem cells are suitable seed cells in bone tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE：To summarize and analyze the advantage of transgene or its complex stent for repair of bone defect using bone marrow stromal stem cells as seed cells. METHODS：Biomedical Bibliographic Database in Western Journals and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for articles concerning isolation,culture and application of bone marrow stromal stem cells to bone defect as well as bone tissue engineering published from 1990 to 2009. The key words were ＂bone marrow stem cells,repairing,bone defect＂. Repetitive articles were excluded. Finally,28 articles were further summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：This article summarized the preponderance of bone marrow stromal stem cells as seed cells,isolation and culture of bone marrow stromal stem cells,osteogenic induction of bone marrow stromal stem cells and repair of bone defect using bone marrow stromal stem cells. The methods bring light prospects for the treatment of bone defect,such as bone marrow stromal stem cells as seed cells combined with suitable stent material,or bone marrow stromal stem cells as target cells to introduce endogenous target gene to induce osteogenic formation. However,some problems require further investigations,including purification of bone marrow stromal stem cells,proliferation and suitable condition for differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells,which kind of factors can effectively promote new bone formation,carrier material and in vivo implantation manner,as well as how to combine bone tissue engineering and gene therapy.