齿科修复材料耐磨性及硬度与天然牙齿的比较

Wear resistance and hardness of dental prosthetics materials versus native teeth

背景:天然牙与牙科修复材料之间存在摩擦现象,为了防止天然牙过度磨损,同时延长修复体使用寿命,有必要了解天然牙与牙科修复材料间的摩擦学特性,选取相匹配的修复材料。目的:比较天然牙和各种牙科修复材料的摩擦学性能及硬度。方法:由第一作者检索2000/2010PubMed数据(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed)及万方数据库(http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn)有关天然牙的磨耗以及各种牙科修复材料磨耗等方面的文献,英文检索词为"enamel,dentalrestorativematerial,zirconia,wearresistance,hardness",中文检索词为"牙釉质,口腔修复材料,氧化锆,耐磨性,硬度"。计算机初检得到46篇文献,根据纳入标准保留30篇进一步归纳总结。结果与结论:牙釉质具有非常优良的摩擦学性能,耐磨性好,牙本质的耐磨性较差,天然牙齿在磨损过程中,牙本质一旦暴露,磨损将会加快。因此,选择耐磨性与天然牙齿相匹配的牙科修复材料至关重要。牙釉质的耐磨性明显高于复合树脂,复合树脂材料对天然牙的磨损较小,但自身耐磨性较差。随着新型树脂材料物理性能的不断提高,有些树脂材料的耐磨性已接近牙釉质。拜尔牙、热固塑料、铜基合金、钛及钛合金是较为理想的牙科修复材料。氧化锆陶瓷属于生物惰性陶瓷,具有很好的生物相容性、高强度和韧性等特点,是一种新型的牙科修复材料。

BACKGROUND： There are frictions between native tooth and dental prosthetics materials. In order to protect the native tooth from wear out and lengthen the in-service life of dental prosthetic restorations simultaneously, it is necessary to understand tribological characteristics between native tooth and dental prosthetics materials. Accordingly, we can select the matching prosthetics materials. OBJECTIVE： To compare wear resistance and hardness of native teeth and dental prosthetics materials. METHODS： A computer searched of PubMed database （http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed） and Wanfang database （http：//www.wanfangdata.com.cn） from 2000 to 2010 was performed to retrieve articles about tribological characteristics between native tooth and dental prosthetics materials, with key words of ＂enamel, dental restorative material, zirconia, wear resistance, hardness＂ in English and in Chinese. A total of 46 articles were screened out, and 30 ones according to the inclusive criteria were involved for further summary. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The dental enamel has excellent tribology performance and wear resistance, but the dentin has poor wear resistance, once the dentin of native teeth exposes in wearing process, the abrasion will speed up. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to chose ideal dental prosthetic restoration materials which have similar wearing characteristic with native teeth. The abradability of dental enamel is fantastically higher than composite resin. The abradability of composite resin itself is not very good, so it wears little to the native tooth. The physical performance of new type composite resin is raising up unceasingly, and the abradability of some composite resins is approaching to the enamel. The specimens made from Bayer tooth, thermosetting plastic, copper base alloy, titanium and its alloy are thus idea prosthetic materials. Zirconium ceramics belong to biological inertia ceramics, and have good biocompatibility, strong intensity and tenacity. It is a new type dental prosthetic material.