水通道蛋白-2在人宫颈阴道上皮的表达及意义

Expression and significance of aquaporin-2 in human ectocervical-vaginal epithelial cell

目的：检测水通道蛋白-2（AQP2）在人宫颈阴道上皮细胞（hECE）的表达和定位。方法：因良性病变行子宫全切术患者45例,年龄34~67岁,按其月经状况分为3组：（1）正常月经组18例;（2）围绝经组14例;（3）绝经组13例。应用免疫组织化学方法研究hECE中AQP2蛋白的分布,分析不同生育时期hECE中AQP2表达的变化及与E2、年龄等的相关性。结果：hECE中存在AQP2蛋白,主要定位于鳞状上皮的中层和副基底层细胞膜上,hECE中的AQP2蛋白量以正常月经组最高,围绝经组次之,绝经组最低,3组有显著差异（P〈0.05）,随年龄增长,宫颈阴道黏膜AQP2蛋白表达下降。宫颈阴道上皮AQP2蛋白表达与E2水平呈正相关（r=0.393,P〈0.05）,与FSH呈负相关（r=-0.466,P〈0.05）,与年龄呈负相关（r=-0.436,P〈0.05）。结论：阴道分泌物调节中AQP2可能是一种重要的通道蛋白。围绝经期及绝经后女性宫颈阴道上皮中蛋白表达下降,可能参与了导致阴道分泌物减少的调节。

Objective：To observe the protein distribution of AQP2 in human ectocervical-vaginal epithelial cell（hECE）and to provid theory of reasonable utilization of estrogen for clinical treatment.Methods：This study was a cross-sectional study about 45 women who underwent hysterectomy for benign lesion.The cases were divided into there groups according to the menstrual state：（1） normal menstruation group in 18 cases;（2）perimenopausal group in 14 cases;（3）menopausal group in 13 cases.Ectocervical tissues were obtained from posterior vaginal wall.The distribution of AQP2 protein of ectocervical tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results：Positive immunoreactivity of AQP2 protein was found in the epithelia cells.The reactive substance was primarily distributed in the cytomembrane,only few distributed in the cytoplasm of all positive cells.The expression of AQP2 was significantly higher in child-bearing period than other groups.The expression of AQP2 protein decreased along with increasing age.Linear regression analysis showed that a negative relationship was observed between the expressions of AQP2 protein and FSH（r=-0.466,P0.05）,age（r=-0.436,P0.05）,and a positive relationship between the AQP2 protein and E2（r=0.393,P0.05）.Conclusion：Down-regulation of AQP2 protein in perimenopausal period and critique age resulting in a less vaginal secretions,which may involved in the vagina astringent of the women.