我国6城市小学生肥胖相关知识、态度及行为调查

Obesity related knowledge,attitude and practice of primary students in six cities of China

目的:调查城市小学生肥胖相关"知识-态度-行为"状况,为制定切实可行的学生肥胖预防策略提供科学依据。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,从北京、上海、广州、哈尔滨、济南和重庆6城市城区中抽取8 150名6～14岁小学生进行问卷调查。结果:有12.4%的学生没有认识到肥胖对健康的危害;有6.0%的小学生认为"可乐比白开水更有利于健康";11.9%的学生没有意识到长时间看电视、上网对健康不利,13.1%的学生未发觉活动少容易发胖。有97.2%的学生关注超重、肥胖相关知识,并希望能通过健康教育课、专家指导等途径获得;分别有8.4%和9.3%的学生认可采取"吃减肥药"、"不吃主食"来控制体重增加;有79.9%的学生曾采取过控制体重的行为,其中不吃主食控制体重的有17.9%。结论:我国城市小学生对肥胖相关知识存在很多误区,开展健康教育课和组织专家讲座是正确指导城市小学生控制体重的主要解决方法。

Objective：To investigate the obese related knowledge,attitude and practice of pupils,and then to provide information for developing obesity prevention and intervention strategies among primary school students.Methods：Multi-stage randomly clustering method was used.8 150 primary students from six cities in China participated in the study.The questionnaire was self-administrated by students in classroom.Results：Twelve percent of the primary students did not realized that obesity was a disease;six percent of students made a mistake that coke has more health benefit than clean water;around twelve percent of students did not realized that long time watching of TV or internet would increased the risk of diseases;meanwhile,thirteen percent of students did not know physical inactivity was associated with obesity.Almost all students were interested in knowledge of overweight and obesity.They preferred classes of health education and experts introduction.Controlling body weight through ＂drug＂ and ＂skipping main food＂ were accepted by 8.4% and 9.3% of students,respectively.Four in fifth of the students had even tried to control their body weight,and eighteen percent of them had skipped main food.Conclusion：Although general awareness of the importance of obesity related knowledge,a considerable proportion of students have misconceptions and negative attitudes.Persistent and effective health educations,especially from experts,therefore,are necessary and will be welcome by the students.