广州市2009年肾综合征出血热监测分析

Surveillance on the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Guangzhou,2009

目的分析广州市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行特征和规律,探讨防制对策。方法采用人间疫情监测、健康人群抗体水平监测、宿主动物监测方法,其中实验室用间接免疫荧光法检测血清特异性IgG抗体,直接免疫荧光法检测鼠肺汉坦病毒(HV)抗原。结果共报告HFRS71例,死亡1例,发病率为0.69/10万,病死率为1.41%;排查病例抗体阳性率为16.14%(188/1165),健康人群抗体阳性率为0.50%(2/400);鼠密度为4.60%(361/7856),鼠肺抗原阳性率为8.31%(30/361),鼠血清抗体阳性率为7.43%(26/350),优势鼠种为褐家鼠。结论广州市HFRS疫情形势较为平稳,但仍然存在病例数上升的压力,应加强疫情监测,落实防鼠灭鼠为主的综合性预防控制措施。

Objective To explore the epidemiologic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever in patients with renal syndrome（HRFS）.Methods Surveillance on the HFRS was conducted in Guangzhou,2009.It included the disease monitoring,measurement of specific antibody and the monitoring of the animal hosts.Indirect immunofluorescent antibody（IFA） test was used to test for the specific antibody against Hantavirus（HV） in serum samples and direct immunofluorescence assay was adopted to determine HV antigen in the lung tissues of rats.Results Totally 71 HRFS cases（including 1 death case） were reported,with an incidence rate of 0.69/100,000 and the fatality rate of 1.41%.Positive rate of IgG antibody for the inspected and healthy subjects was 16.14%（188/1 165） and 0.50%（2/400）,respectively.The rat density was 4.60%（361/7 856）,and the percentage of HV antigen carriers was 8.31%（30/361）.7.43%（26/350） were sero-positive.The major host was Rattus norvegicus.Conclusion Although the prevalence of HFRS in Guangzhou was stable,the number of cases was increasing.Surveillance and the comprehensive control of the rat population should be strengthened.