青藏线上集装箱平车在强横风下的稳定性

Runing stability of container car in Qinghai-Tibet railway line

采用数值模拟计算的方法,对青藏线上10 m高桥梁上集装箱本身和集装箱车整车在强横风下的气动性能进行研究,得到气动力系数与侧滑角之间的关系;在此基础上,根据静力矩平衡原理建立车辆在轨道上倾覆及集装箱在车体上倾覆的数学模型,得到车辆和集装箱在直线和曲线上运行时车速和临界倾覆风速的关系。研究结果表明:桥梁上集装箱车整车和集装箱自身的横向力系数以及倾覆力矩系数均随着侧滑角的增大而增大;当侧滑角为75°时达到最大值,之后稍微降低;在低速时,车辆向曲线内侧倾覆的临界风速较低;在高速时,车辆向曲线外侧倾覆的临界风速较低;总体上,集装箱整车和集装箱自身的临界倾覆风速均随着车速的提高而降低,但集装箱在车体上倾覆的临界风速小于车辆整体在轨道上倾覆的临界风速,车辆的限速应当是以集装箱在车体上的倾覆为标准;对于集装箱车整车,当车速分别为0,40,60,80和100 km/h时,整车的临界倾覆风速分别为23.1,20.6,18.5,16.3和14.7 m/s。

Numerical simulation was used to research the aerodynamic performance of the train on bridge of 10 m in height in Qinghai-Tibet railway line,and the relationship among the aerodynamic coefficients and the side sliding angle was gotten.The model of the whole train overturning on the track and the container overturning on the train deck was built according to static moment balance,and the relationship between running speed and critical overturning wind of the container car was gotten when they run on straight and curve line.The results show that the side force coefficients and overturning moment coefficients of the whole train and the container increase with the increase of the side sliding angle,and reach the maximum while the side sliding angle is 75° and decrease a little after that.When the train speed is lower,the critical overturning wind speed of train overturning inward the curve is smaller,while when the train speed is higher,the critical overturning wind speed of train overturning outward the curve is smaller.On the whole the critical overturning moment of the whole train and the container decreases with the increase of train speed.The critical wind speed of container overturning on train deck is smaller than that of train overturning on the track,so the train speed operation should be based on the container overturned on train deck.To the whole train,when the speeds are 0,40,60,80 and 100 km/h,the critical wind speeds are 23.1,20.6,18.5,16.3 and 14.7 m/s,respectively.